{"id":8001,"date":"2021-12-09T11:11:38","date_gmt":"2021-12-09T16:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ciraig.org\/?p=8001"},"modified":"2021-12-09T11:28:37","modified_gmt":"2021-12-09T16:28:37","slug":"empreinte-carbone-noel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ciraig.org\/index.php\/fr\/blogue\/empreinte-carbone-noel\/","title":{"rendered":"Que faire pour limiter son empreinte carbone \u00e0 No\u00ebl?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le temps des f\u00eates est synonyme de partage et de plaisir, mais aussi, malheureusement, de surconsommation et de gaspillage. Pendant cette p\u00e9riode, les Canadiens et Canadiennes pr\u00e9voient <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/ca\/fr\/industries\/consumer-markets\/2021-holiday-outlook-canadian-insights.html\">d\u00e9penser 1420 $ par personne en moyenne en 2021, principalement pour les cadeaux et les voyages<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Que peut-on faire pour limiter son <a href=\"https:\/\/ciraig.org\/index.php\/fr\/blogue\/cest-quoi-une-empreinte-carbone\/\">empreinte carbone<\/a> \u00e0 No\u00ebl? Malheureusement, aucune \u00e9tude n\u2019\u00e9value l\u2019empreinte carbone de No\u00ebl au Qu\u00e9bec (et tr\u00e8s peu dans le monde). On vous propose de suivre une personne fictive, St\u00e9phane, qui souhaite conna\u00eetre l\u2019empreinte carbone de sa famille (compos\u00e9e de 4 personnes) pendant No\u00ebl au Qu\u00e9bec avec une perspective cycle de vie afin d\u2019identifier les gestes les plus efficaces \u00e0 poser pour r\u00e9duire son empreinte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Empreinte carbone du sapin : vaut-il mieux acheter artificiel ou naturel?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Rien de mieux qu\u2019un beau sapin bien d\u00e9cor\u00e9 pour commencer \u00e0 sentir la magie de No\u00ebl! Mais vaut-il mieux acheter un sapin naturel ou artificiel?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans un contexte qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipsos.ca\/lca-christmas-tree-natural-vs-artificial\/\">un <strong>sapin de No\u00ebl naturel de 7 pieds de haut g\u00e9n\u00e8re 3,1 kg CO2eq. <\/strong>sur son cycle de vie<\/a>. M\u00eame si le sapin s\u00e9questre du dioxyde de carbone (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) lors de sa croissance, ce CO<sub>2<\/sub> est r\u00e9\u00e9mis dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re si l\u2019on choisit l\u2019incin\u00e9ration du sapin en fin de vie. Toutefois, s\u2019il est envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019enfouissement, <a href=\"https:\/\/8nht63gnxqz2c2hp22a6qjv6-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/ACTA-Christmas-Tree-LCA-Final-Report-November-2010.pdf\">77 % du carbone contenu dans l\u2019arbre sera stock\u00e9 dans le sol pour plus de 100 ans<\/a>. Par ailleurs, l\u2019on parcourt 5 km pour aller acheter son sapin, <strong>le trajet en auto compte \u00e0 lui seul pour plus de 80 % de l\u2019empreinte carbone de notre arbre de No\u00ebl<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, un <strong>sapin artificiel g\u00e9n\u00e8re 16 fois plus d\u2019\u00e9missions de GES <\/strong>(pour un sapin de 10kg), notamment \u00e0 cause de la production de l\u2019acier utilis\u00e9 pour les branches et de la production de PVC utilis\u00e9 pour les aiguilles. Il est donc pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable <strong>d\u2019acheter un sapin artificiel uniquement si on pr\u00e9voit de l\u2019utiliser pour plus de 16 No\u00ebls<\/strong>. Plus le sapin artificiel sera l\u00e9ger, plus son impact sera amorti rapidement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme ses enfants sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 grands (et ne croient plus du tout au p\u00e8re No\u00ebl!), St\u00e9phane choisit un sapin naturel qu\u2019il va acheter chez le revendeur le plus pr\u00e8s de son domicile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Et les lumi\u00e8res sur le sapin? Qu\u2019en est-il de leur empreinte carbone?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statcan.gc.ca\/en\/dai\/smr08\/2017\/smr08_222_2017\">41% des Canadiens<\/a>, St\u00e9phane poss\u00e8de des guirlandes de No\u00ebl avec des ampoules DEL. En les allumant 6 heures\/jour pendant 18 jours, l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 consomm\u00e9e par les 400 petites <strong>ampoules ne va augmenter que de 2 % l\u2019empreinte carbone du sapin<\/strong>. Si St\u00e9phane avait install\u00e9 les anciennes ampoules incandescentes cach\u00e9es au fond du garage, il aurait augment\u00e9 cette empreinte de 15 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019empreinte carbone du repas de No\u00ebl<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette ann\u00e9e, St\u00e9phane a pr\u00e9vu de servir une belle dinde r\u00f4tie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turkeyfarmersofcanada.ca\/industry-information\/industry-statistics\/\">comme un tiers des foyers canadiens<\/a> et une tourti\u00e8re \u00e0 la viande pour la veille et le jour de No\u00ebl. <strong>Ces bons repas vont repr\u00e9senter environ 66 kg <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ciraig.org\/index.php\/fr\/blogue\/cest-quoi-une-empreinte-carbone\/\"><strong>CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq.<\/strong><\/a><strong> pour la famille<\/strong>. Malheureusement, le temps des f\u00eates est souvent synonyme d\u2019exc\u00e8s et les familles canadiennes g\u00e9n\u00e8rent en moyenne de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/news\/national\/canadians-to-toss-100000-elephants-worth-of-wrapping-paper-this-year-advocacy-group\/article37448496\/\">25 % \u00e0 45 % plus de d\u00e9chets qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019habitude<\/a>. <strong>En r\u00e9duisant son gaspillage alimentaire, St\u00e9phane pourra r\u00e9duire de plus de 30 % l\u2019empreinte de ses repas de f\u00eates<\/strong>. Et s\u2019il choisit un repas enti\u00e8rement v\u00e9g\u00e9talien, il pourrait r\u00e9duire cette empreinte de moiti\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019empreinte carbone des cadeaux typiques: l\u2019emballage repr\u00e9sente moins que vous pensiez<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Parmi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/472602\/types-of-holiday-gifts-adults-would-like-to-receive-canada\/\">les cadeaux les plus populaires au Canada<\/a>, on trouve les cartes cadeaux (pour les restaurants et caf\u00e9s, le cin\u00e9ma, les livres), les v\u00eatements, les objets technologiques (les consoles de jeux, les \u00e9couteurs, les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones intelligents) et bien s\u00fbr les jouets pour les enfants. Au pied du sapin chez St\u00e9phane, on retrouve donc&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>une <strong>paire de jeans (33 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq.<\/strong>),&nbsp;<\/li><li>un <strong>t\u00e9l\u00e9phone intelligent (50 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq.<\/strong>)&nbsp;<\/li><li>et <strong>deux livres (2,7 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. chacun<\/strong>)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Soit <strong>88 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. de cadeaux<\/strong>. Tous ces cadeaux sont joliment envelopp\u00e9s de <strong>papier cadeau dont l\u2019empreinte carbone totale repr\u00e9sente moins de 1 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. <\/strong>pour les 4 cadeaux<strong> <\/strong>(incluant leur production et leur fin de vie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019empreinte carbone des voyages pendant le temps des f\u00eates<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e pass\u00e9e, St\u00e9phane et sa famille \u00e9taient partis en avion \u00e0 <strong>Cuba pour No\u00ebl, ajoutant 2,2 tonnes de CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. <\/strong>\u00e0 leur empreinte carbone. Cette ann\u00e9e, le rassemblement familial est pr\u00e9vu \u00e0 Sherbrooke. La petite famille utilisera donc sa voiture, g\u00e9n\u00e9rant ainsi <strong>112 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. pour parcourir les 160 km aller-retour qui s\u00e9parent Montr\u00e9al de Sherbrooke<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le bilan carbone de St\u00e9phane et sa famille pour ce No\u00ebl<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Finalement, le No\u00ebl de St\u00e9phane aura g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 <strong>270 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. pour toute la famille, soit 67 kg CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>eq. par personne ou l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de 22 sapins de No\u00ebl naturels.<\/strong> Bien que 42 % de l\u2019empreinte carbone soit attribuable au transport, la famille de St\u00e9phane a fortement r\u00e9duit son empreinte en choisissant de f\u00eater No\u00ebl pr\u00e8s de chez elle et en utilisant toutes les places disponibles dans la voiture pour s\u2019y rendre. Cependant, la famille peut encore am\u00e9liorer son empreinte carbone pour les cadeaux (33 % de l\u2019empreinte) et pour la nourriture (24 % de l\u2019empreinte).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quels gestes peut-on poser pour r\u00e9duire son empreinte carbone pendant le temps des f\u00eates?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nourriture&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Limiter le gaspillage alimentaire en planifiant au mieux les achats et en amenant un contenant pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer les restes<\/li><li>Int\u00e9grer progressivement des options v\u00e9g\u00e9tariennes ou v\u00e9g\u00e9taliennes<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cadeaux&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Se rappeler que ce qui a le plus d\u2019impacts est \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019emballage cadeau<\/li><li>D\u00e9mat\u00e9rialiser les cadeaux en offrant son temps<\/li><li>Privil\u00e9gier les objets de seconde main<\/li><li>Offrir des cadeaux dont on est s\u00fbr qu\u2019ils seront utilis\u00e9s<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Transport&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pr\u00e9f\u00e9rer les destinations situ\u00e9es pr\u00e8s de chez soi<\/li><li>Maximiser l\u2019usage des places disponibles dans sa voiture, en proposant du covoiturage par exemple.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Ce billet de blogue est tir\u00e9 d&#8217;une chronique pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2019 par Laure Patouillard, coordonnatrice scientifique et associ\u00e9e de recherche au CIRAIG, \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9mission Moteur de recherche de Radio-Canada.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bibliographie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haq, G., Owen, A., Dawkins, E., &amp; Barrett, J. (2009). The Carbon Cost of Christmas, (March). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/2.1.1088.4808<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jean-S\u00e9bastien Trudel, Sylvain Couillard, G. B. (2009). Comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of artificial vs natural Christmas tree. Pre Publication- Version. The Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in Social Life Cicle Assessment (S-LCA)., (February). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-8825-6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hollywood, W. (2010). Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of an Artificial Christmas Tree and a Natural Christmas Tree for American Christmas Tree Association. Retrieved from www.pe-americas.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wells, J. R., Boucher, J. F., Laurent, A. B., &amp; Villeneuve, C. (2012). Carbon footprint assessment of a paperback book: Can planned integration of deinked market pulp be detrimental to climate? Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16(2), 212\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-9290.2011.00414.x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ercan, M., Malmodin, J., Bergmark, P., Kimfalk, E., &amp; Nilsson, E. (2016). Life Cycle Assessment of a Smartphone, (Ict4s), 124\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2991\/ict4s-16.2016.15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>THE LIFE CYCLE Understanding the environmental impact of a pair of Levi\u2019s \u00ae 501 \u00ae jeans. (2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clune, S., Crossin, E., &amp; Verghese, K. (2017). Systematic review of greenhouse gas emissions for different fresh food categories. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 766\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.04.082<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019empreinte carbone d\u2019un No\u00ebl typique au Qu\u00e9bec sera attribuable au sapin, au transport, aux cadeaux et \u00e0 la nourriture.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[850],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogue"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Que faire pour limiter son empreinte carbone \u00e0 No\u00ebl? - CIRAIG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019empreinte carbone d\u2019un No\u00ebl typique au Qu\u00e9bec sera attribuable au sapin, au transport, aux cadeaux et \u00e0 la nourriture.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ciraig.org\/index.php\/fr\/blogue\/empreinte-carbone-noel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Que faire pour limiter son empreinte carbone \u00e0 No\u00ebl? 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